The brightness and energy of x-ray beams are critical properties for research. Higher brightness means more x-rays can be focused onto a smaller, laser-like spot, allowing researchers to gather more data in greater detail in less time. Higher energies allow x-rays to penetrate deeper inside materials to reveal crucial information about a material’s structure and function. The combination of high brightness and high energy allows the observation and imaging — in real time — of fast and ultrafast technologically important processes, including fuel sprays, magnetic switching, and biological processes in living organisms.

The APS Upgrade project will increase the brightness of the APS high-energy (hard) x-ray beams. This will equip researchers for the groundbreaking discoveries and transformational innovations that create new products and industries and generate jobs.

In April 2010, the DOE identified the national need for the APS Upgrade (APS-U) project by approving Critical Decision 0, authorizing development of a conceptual design. In September 2011, the Director of the DOE Office of Science gave his approval for Critical Decision 1, formally approving the alternative selection and cost range for the project, establishing the preliminary technical scope, and authorizing a detailed preliminary design and initial research and development. The completed project will increase the number of users and experiments that can be accommodated by the APS, and the brightness of the x-ray beams at the APS.