Biomembrane Problems Studied by X-ray and Neutron Diffraction
Huey W. Huang
Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
In this brief presentation, I illustrated five different membrane problems for which X-ray and neutron diffraction had provided unique information. The contents and the references are given below.
(0) Background—diffraction from lipid bilayers (Wilkens et al., 1971; Levine and Wilkens, 1971)
(1) Gramicidin-a passive ion channel
1.1) Ion binding sites (Olah et al., 1991)
1.2) Non-conducting state (He et al., 1994)
1.3) Hydrophobic matching (Harroun et al., 1999a; 1999b)
1.4) Membrane-mediated protein-protein interactions (Harroun et al., 1999a; 1999b)
(2) Protein-lipid interactions--Hydrophobic Matching (Weiss et al., 2003)
(3) Antimicrobial peptides
3.1) Transmembrane pores (He et al., 1996; Ludtke et al., 1966; Yang et al., 2001)
3.2) Membrane thinning effect (Chen et al., 2003; Lee et al., 2004; Huang et al., 2004)
3.3) Pore structure (Yang et al., 1999; 2000)
(4) Membrane fusion problems
4.1) Stalk intermediate state (Yang and Huang, 2002; 2003)
4.2) Spontaneous curvatures of lipid mixtures (to be published)
(5) Collective chain dynamics by inelastic x-ray scattering (Chen et al., 2001; Weiss et al., 2003)
CONCLUSION
Synchrotron radiation is essential for membrane research. Two types of beamline are particularly desirable: Energy tunable (5-15kev) GISAX beamline. 0.5mev-resolution inelastic beamline.
References:
Chen SH, Liao CY, Huang HW, Weiss TM, Bellisent-Funel MC, Sette F. (2001) Phys. Rev. Lett 86: 740 (1-4)
Chen FY, Lee MT, and Huang HW (2003) Biophys. J. 84: 3751-3758.
Harroun TA, Heller WT, Weiss TM, Yang L and Huang HW (1999a) Biophys. J. 76: 937-945.
Harroun TA, Heller WT, Weiss TM, Yang L and Huang HW (1999b) Biophys. J. 76: 3176-3185.
He K, Ludtke SJ, Wu Y, Huang HW, Andersen OS, Greathouse D, Koeppe II RE (1994) Biophys. Chem. 49: 83-89.
He K, Ludtke SJ, Worcester DL and Huang HW (1996) Biophys. J. 70: 2659-2666.
Huang HW, Chen FY and Lee MT (2004) Phys. Rev. Lett. 92: 198304(1-4).
Lee MT, Chen FY and Huang HW (2004) Biochemistry 43: 3590-3599.
Levine YK and Wilkens MHF (1971). Nature New Biology 230: 69-72.
Ludtke SJ, He K, Heller WT, Harroun TA, Yang L, and Huang HW (1966) 35: 13723-13728.
Olah GA, Huang HW, Liu W and Wu Y (1991) J. Mol. Biol. 218: 847-858.
Weiss TM, van der Wel PCA, Killian JA, Koeppe II RE and Huang HW (2003) Biophys. J. 84: 379-385.
Weiss TM, Chen PJ, Sinn H, Alp EE, Chen SH, Huang HW (2003) Biophys. J. 84: 3767-3776.
Wilkens MHF, Blaurock AE and Engelman DM (1971) Nature New Biology 230: 72-76.
Yang L, Weiss TM and Huang HW (2000) Biophys. J. 79: 2002-2009.
Yang L, Harroun TA, Weiss TM, Ding L and Huang HW (2001) Biophys. J. 81: 1475-1485.
Yang L and Huang HW (2002) Science 297: 1877-1879.
Yang L, Weiss TM, Harroun TA, Heller WT and Huang HW (1999) Biophys. J. 77:2648-2656.
Yang L and Huang HW (2003) Biophys. J. 84:1808-1817.
